Nvidia trays on display in San Jose, Calif., in March. Jason Henry for WSJBig players in artificial intelligence are lining up a series of blockbuster financing deals to pay for computing hardware, part of a rush for capital as data-center build-outs race forward.In recent weeks, Broadcom has been working to arrange more than $50 billion in financing for OpenAI’s custom artificial intelligence chip, which the firms are developing together, according to people familiar with the discussions.Copyri...