IntroductionSolar energy is a main source of renewable energy. Solar photovoltaics (PV) and solar thermoelectric (TE) are the most widely used technologies1,2,3,4. Based on the Seebeck effect, TE materials will generate a voltage when subjected to a temperature difference (ΔT) across their ends. When these materials are positioned between a solar absorber and a heat dissipator to establish a ΔT and produce power, they are referred to as solar thermoelectric generators (STEGs)1,4,5,6,7. The STEG’...